Past tense read adalah12/8/2023 Lemma forms of the verbs are always in the root ( memakan ← makan "eat").Įxamples of the simple conjugation of ulang "repeat"īeing repeated (accidentally, transitivized)Īffixes vertically, when in the case of suffix -lah, only can precede the suffix. Some cases may cause the verb forms change substantially ( hijau "green" → menghijau "to become green" → terhijau "most green", instead of "accidentally became green", but terhijaukan "became greened" tinggal "live" → meninggal "died"). Nonetheless, it still has many exceptions, despite there are just very few affixes, mostly due to defectivity, for example berlari, memperlari, melarikan is acceptable, but not for *berlarii. The Indonesian conjugation is not inflected for tenses, but only for voice and moods (for the tenses, see /Grammar/Tenses, tenses are instead analytically formed). In Indonesian itself, the term "konjugasi" it is usually not used when talking about Indonesian, instead it is only used for foreign languages. Unlike its closely-related Tagalog, Indonesian and Malay conjugation system are more simplified, but more inflected than related Hawaiian and Maori. The Indonesian verbs can be also inflected as well for passivity, causativity, etc. The text in its current form is incomplete. Russia is the largest country in the world.Īnother use of adalah is to say that something or someone is part of a grup/structure.We can use adalah to make a statement that two things are equivalent. This is particularly true when it is used to describe something/someone or to give characteristics. To be is the most common English verb, yet its indonesian translation, adalah, is rarely used. When it is important to specify time, Indonesian adds additional words that clarify the time, such as "sudah" (already), "masih" (still), and "akan" (will). For example, English has different forms for "ate" (past tense) and "eat" (present tense), while Indonesian uses "makan" for both past and present. Indonesian verbs do not change depending on tense, as in English.
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